
<?php
 
  // Set default timezone
  date_default_timezone_set('UTC');
 
  try {
    /**************************************
    * Create databases and                *
    * open connections                    *
    **************************************/
 
    // Create (connect to) SQLite database in file
    $file_db = new PDO('sqlite:messaging.sqlite3');
    // Set errormode to exceptions
    $file_db->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, 
                            PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
 
    // Create new database in memory
    $memory_db = new PDO('sqlite::memory:');
    // Set errormode to exceptions
    $memory_db->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, 
                              PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
 
 
    /**************************************
    * Create tables                       *
    **************************************/
 
    // Create table messages
    $file_db->exec("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS messages (
                    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, 
                    title TEXT, 
                    message TEXT, 
                    time INTEGER)");
 
    // Create table messages with different time format
    $memory_db->exec("CREATE TABLE messages (
                      id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, 
                      title TEXT, 
                      message TEXT, 
                      time TEXT)");
 
 
    /**************************************
    * Set initial data                    *
    **************************************/
 
    // Array with some test data to insert to database             
    $messages = array(
                  array('title' => 'Hello!',
                        'message' => 'Just testing...',
                        'time' => 1327301464),
                  array('title' => 'Hello again!',
                        'message' => 'More testing...',
                        'time' => 1339428612),
                  array('title' => 'Hi!',
                        'message' => 'SQLite3 is cool...',
                        'time' => 1327214268)
                );
 
 
    /**************************************
    * Play with databases and tables      *
    **************************************/
 
    // Prepare INSERT statement to SQLite3 file db
    $insert = "INSERT INTO messages (title, message, time) 
                VALUES (:title, :message, :time)";
    $stmt = $file_db->prepare($insert);
 
    // Bind parameters to statement variables
    $stmt->bindParam(':title', $title);
    $stmt->bindParam(':message', $message);
    $stmt->bindParam(':time', $time);
 
    // Loop thru all messages and execute prepared insert statement
    foreach ($messages as $m) {
      // Set values to bound variables
      $title = $m['title'];
      $message = $m['message'];
      $time = $m['time'];
 
      // Execute statement
      $stmt->execute();
    }
 
    // Prepare INSERT statement to SQLite3 memory db
    $insert = "INSERT INTO messages (id, title, message, time) 
                VALUES (:id, :title, :message, :time)";
    $stmt = $memory_db->prepare($insert);
 
    // Select all data from file db messages table 
    $result = $file_db->query('SELECT * FROM messages');
 
    // Loop thru all data from messages table 
    // and insert it to file db
    foreach ($result as $m) {
      // Bind values directly to statement variables
      $stmt->bindValue(':id', $m['id'] );
      $stmt->bindValue(':title', $m['title']);
      $stmt->bindValue(':message', $m['message'] );
 
      // Format unix time to timestamp
      $formatted_time = date('Y-m-d H:i:s', $m['time']);
      $stmt->bindValue(':time', $formatted_time );
 
      // Execute statement
      $stmt->execute();
    }
 
    // Quote new title
    $new_title = $memory_db->quote("Hi''\'''\\\"\"!'\"");
    // Update old title to new title
    $update = "UPDATE messages SET title = {$new_title} 
                WHERE datetime(time) > 
                datetime('2012-06-01 15:48:07')";
    // Execute update
    $memory_db->exec($update);
 
    // Select all data from memory db messages table 
    $result = $memory_db->query('SELECT * FROM messages');
 
    foreach($result as $row) {
      echo "Id: " . $row['id'] . "\n";
      echo "Title: " . $row['title'] . "\n";
      echo "Message: " . $row['message'] . "\n";
      echo "Time: " . $row['time'] . "\n";
      echo "\n";
    }
 
 
    /**************************************
    * Drop tables                         *
    **************************************/
 
    // Drop table messages from file db
    $file_db->exec("DROP TABLE messages1");
    // Drop table messages from memory db
    $memory_db->exec("DROP TABLE messages1");
 
 
    /**************************************
    * Close db connections                *
    **************************************/
 
    // Close file db connection
    $file_db = null;
    // Close memory db connection
    $memory_db = null;
  }
  catch(PDOException $e) {
    // Print PDOException message
    echo $e->getMessage();
  }
?>